It is understood that occupational eye injuries account for about 5% of the total industrial injuries and 50% of the injuries in ophthalmic hospitals. According to the statistics published by the China eye injury conference, the annual rate of eye injuries among employees in China is 1% - 3%, while that in some industrial departments is as high as 34%. In the production process, common industrial eye injury factors include foreign body eye injury, chemical eye injury, non ionizing radiation eye injury, ionizing radiation eye injury, microwave and laser eye injury. Because of the existence of these injuries, protective glasses must be worn in the production process, and protective glasses are particularly important!
1. Foreign body eye injury
Foreign body eye injury refers to grinding metal; Cutting non-metallic or cast iron; Wash and repair metal castings with hand tools, portable electrical tools and pneumatic tools; Cut rivets or screws; Cutting or scraping the boiler; When crushing stones or concrete, foreign matters such as sand particles and metal debris enter the eyes or impact the face.
2. Non ionizing radiation eye injury
In places such as electric welding, oxygen cutting, furnace, glass processing, hot rolling and casting, the heat source can produce strong light, ultraviolet and infrared at 1050 ~ 2150 ℃. Ultraviolet radiation can cause conjunctivitis, photophobia, pain, tears, blepharitis and other symptoms. It is often called "electro-optic ophthalmia" because it often occurs in welders. It is a common occupational eye disease in industry.
3. Eye injury caused by ionizing radiation
Ionizing radiation mainly occurs in the atomic energy industry, nuclear power plants (such as nuclear power plants and nuclear submarines), nuclear explosions, high-energy physics tests, medical clinics, isotope diagnosis and treatment and other places. Exposure of the eyes to ionizing radiation can have serious consequences. When the total dose absorbed exceeds 2gy, individuals begin to develop cataract, and the incidence increases with the increase of the total dose.
4. Microwave and laser eye injury
Due to the thermal effect of microwave, crystal opacity can be caused, resulting in the occurrence of "cataract". Laser projected onto the retina can cause burns, greater than 0.1 μ W's laser may also cause eye bleeding, protein coagulation, melting and permanent blindness.
5. Chemical eye (face) injury
Acid base liquid and corrosive smoke in the production process enter the eyes or impact the facial skin, which can cause burns to the cornea or facial skin. Splashing cyanide, nitrite and strong alkali can cause serious eye burns, because alkali is easier to penetrate than acid.
What should we pay attention to when using protective glasses?
1. The selected protective glasses shall be products that pass the inspection of the product inspection organization;
2. The width and size of protective glasses shall be suitable for the user's face;
3. The lens is worn rough and the lens frame is damaged, which will affect the vision of the operator, so it should be replaced in time;
4. Protective glasses shall be used by special personnel to prevent eye diseases;
5. The filter and protective film of welding protective glasses shall be selected and replaced according to the specified operation needs;
6. Prevent heavy fall and pressure, and prevent hard objects from rubbing lenses and masks.